Why are most PCB circuit boards green, while some are black?
Release time:
2025-02-20
The color of the PCB surface is actually the color of the solder mask. The solder mask can prevent the occurrence of component soldering errors....
The color of the PCB surface is actually the color of the solder mask. The solder mask can prevent the occurrence of component soldering errors,
and it prolongs the lifespan of the components, preventing oxidation and corrosion of the component circuits. If you are somewhat familiar with electronic products, you will find that the color of PCBs is generally green. This is mainly because the green solder mask process is the most mature and simple, and green boards are also more environmentally friendly. Besides green, PCBs can also be white, yellow, red, blue, matte, and even colors like chrysanthemum, purple, black, and bright green. The existence of white is because it is a colorant necessary for making lighting products, while the use of other colors is mostly to distinguish different product samples. From research and development to product implementation, depending on the different applications of the PCB, experimental boards may use purple, key boards may be red, and internal computer boards may use black, distinguishing them by color. As for green oil, its solder mask ink is the oldest, cheapest, and most widely used. It has many advantages:
1. In PCB processing, the production of electronic products includes board making and chip mounting, during which several processes must go through the yellow light room, and the visual effect of green PCBs in the yellow light room is the best;
2. Secondly, during SMT chip processing, steps such as tinning, chip mounting, and AOI verification all require optical positioning calibration, and the green substrate is more friendly for instrument recognition;
3. Some inspection processes rely on workers' observation (although most now use flying probe testing instead of manual), constantly staring at the board under strong light, and green is friendly to the eyes;
4. Green PCBs are also relatively environmentally friendly; when discarded boards undergo high-temperature recycling, they do not release toxic gases.
Other PCB colors, like blue and black, contain cobalt and carbon respectively, which have slight conductivity and pose a risk of short circuits. Additionally, colors like black, purple, and blue are too dark, which increases the difficulty of inspection and maintenance of the main board, and the process is also difficult to control. Taking black boards as an example, black boards are most prone to obvious color differences due to process and raw material ratio issues during production; a slight carelessness can lead to a high defect rate of PCBs. The routing on black circuit boards is also not easy to identify, which increases the difficulty of later maintenance and debugging, so many PCB factories do not use black PCBs much. Even in military and industrial control fields, where product quality requirements are extremely high, green PCB substrates are mainly used. The color of the PCB does not affect its performance at all. Therefore, it is not difficult to understand why the color of circuit board PCBs is predominantly green.
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Shantou Huaxin Electronic Technology Co., Ltd
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